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BIO NMDCAT Carbohydrates
nmdcat.online June 27, 2026

In the context of bacterial cell walls, the polysaccharide backbone of peptidoglycan is broken down by the enzyme lysozyme, which is found in tears and saliva. Lysozyme specifically hydrolyzes the glycosidic bond between

A. N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid
✓
B. Glucose and galactose
C. N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid
D. D-alanine and L-lysine

📝 Explanation

Lysozyme (muramidase) cleaves the β-1,4 glycosidic bond between the C1 of N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) and the C4 of N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) in the peptidoglycan layer, causing cell wall weakening and bacterial lysis.

📖 Additional Information

  • N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid
  • Glucose and galactose
  • N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid
  • D-alanine and L-lysine

Lysozyme (muramidase) cleaves the β-1,4 glycosidic bond between the C1 of N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) and the C4 of N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) in the peptidoglycan layer, causing cell wall weakening and bacterial lysis.

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The glycosidic bond in a disaccharide is formed between the anomeric carbon of one sugar and a hydroxyl carbon of another, releasing a water molecule. In the nomenclature, the bond is named by specifying the anomeric configuration (α or β) of the first sugar and the carbon numbers involved. Thus, the name "α-1,4 glycosidic bond" indicates that the

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