MCQs

Double bonds prevent close packing, lowering the melting point.

Glycerol is a three-carbon alcohol forming the backbone of triglycerides.

Esterification is a condensation reaction because water is removed.

Neutral fats are uncharged due to the absence of phosphate groups.

The polar head interacts with water inside and outside the cell.

Saturated fatty acids lack carbon-carbon double bonds.

Bile salts break large fat droplets into smaller droplets, increasing surface area for lipase.

Amphipathic molecules contain both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, allowing bilayer formation.

One hydroxyl group of glycerol is linked to a phosphate group, while the other two are linked to fatty acids.

Each triglyceride contains three ester linkages joining glycerol to fatty acids.

Triglycerides serve as the principal storage form of energy in adipose tissue.

The oxidizing environment of the endoplasmic reticulum promotes the formation of disulfide bonds in secreted and membrane proteins.

Protein function depends on proper folding into the native three-dimensional structure.

The heme prosthetic group contains Fe²⁺, which reversibly binds oxygen.

β-sheets are classified according to the orientation of adjacent strands.

Histidine's pKa is close to physiological pH, making it ideal for acid-base catalysis.

Chaperones bind exposed hydrophobic regions of unfolded proteins, preventing aggregation and promoting correct folding.

Heat disrupts weak interactions but usually leaves the covalent peptide backbone intact.

Collagen contains the repeating sequence Gly-X-Y. Glycine occurs every third residue, allowing tight packing of the triple helix.