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BIO NMDCAT Biological Importance of Water
nmdcat.online June 27, 2026

The interaction of water with the phosphate head groups of a phospholipid bilayer is an example of

A. Hydrophobic exclusion
B. Hydration through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions
✓
C. Covalent modification of the lipid head
D. Clathrate cage formation

📝 Explanation

The phospholipid head groups are charged and highly polar. Water interacts favorably with these groups, forming hydrogen bonds with the oxygen atoms of the phosphate and electrostatic interactions with the charged nitrogenous base (e.g., choline). This hydration stabilizes the bilayer surface.

📖 Additional Information

  • Hydrophobic exclusion
  • Hydration through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions
  • Covalent modification of the lipid head
  • Clathrate cage formation

The phospholipid head groups are charged and highly polar. Water interacts favorably with these groups, forming hydrogen bonds with the oxygen atoms of the phosphate and electrostatic interactions with the charged nitrogenous base (e.g., choline). This hydration stabilizes the bilayer surface.

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