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BIO NMDCAT Biological Importance of Water
nmdcat.online June 27, 2026

In an enzyme’s active site, a water molecule may be precisely positioned to act as a

A. Competitive inhibitor that blocks the substrate
B. Nucleophile that attacks a specific bond in the substrate
✓
C. Non-competitive inhibitor binding to the allosteric site
D. Cofactor that permanently attaches to the apoenzyme

📝 Explanation

In hydrolytic enzymes, a water molecule, often activated by a base in the active site, acts as a nucleophile. It attacks an electrophilic carbon in the peptide or glycosidic bond, leading to bond cleavage. The enzyme precisely orients this catalytic water molecule.

📖 Additional Information

  • Competitive inhibitor that blocks the substrate
  • Nucleophile that attacks a specific bond in the substrate
  • Non-competitive inhibitor binding to the allosteric site
  • Cofactor that permanently attaches to the apoenzyme

In hydrolytic enzymes, a water molecule, often activated by a base in the active site, acts as a nucleophile. It attacks an electrophilic carbon in the peptide or glycosidic bond, leading to bond cleavage. The enzyme precisely orients this catalytic water molecule.

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