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BIO NMDCAT Biological Importance of Water
nmdcat.online June 27, 2026

The dissolution of a salt like ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃) in water causes the solution to become cold. This observation indicates that the hydration energy is

A. Greater than the lattice energy, and the net entropy decreases
B. Less than the lattice energy of the crystal
✓
C. Exactly equal to the covalent bond energy of the salt
D. Provided by the kinetic energy of the water molecules

📝 Explanation

The dissolution process involves energy input to break the crystal lattice (lattice energy) and energy release from forming hydration shells (hydration energy). If the lattice energy is greater than the hydration energy, the net process is endothermic, absorbing heat from the surroundings and making the solution cold.

📖 Additional Information

  • Greater than the lattice energy, and the net entropy decreases
  • Less than the lattice energy of the crystal
  • Exactly equal to the covalent bond energy of the salt
  • Provided by the kinetic energy of the water molecules

The dissolution process involves energy input to break the crystal lattice (lattice energy) and energy release from forming hydration shells (hydration energy). If the lattice energy is greater than the hydration energy, the net process is endothermic, absorbing heat from the surroundings and making the solution cold.

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