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BIO NMDCAT Biological Importance of Water
nmdcat.online June 27, 2026

The primary driving force for water reabsorption from the collecting ducts of the kidney is

A. The binding of water to specific carrier proteins
B. The presence of an osmotic gradient established by NaCl and urea in the medulla
✓
C. The active pumping of water by the cells lining the collecting duct
D. The high hydrostatic pressure in the Bowman's capsule

📝 Explanation

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) increases the water permeability of the collecting duct by inserting aquaporins. Water then moves passively by osmosis down the osmotic gradient created by the counter-current multiplier system in the hypertonic medullary interstitium.

📖 Additional Information

  • The binding of water to specific carrier proteins
  • The presence of an osmotic gradient established by NaCl and urea in the medulla
  • The active pumping of water by the cells lining the collecting duct
  • The high hydrostatic pressure in the Bowman's capsule

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) increases the water permeability of the collecting duct by inserting aquaporins. Water then moves passively by osmosis down the osmotic gradient created by the counter-current multiplier system in the hypertonic medullary interstitium.

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