Practice Questions

A patient with a severe burn develops an infection. The burn wound healing process is often complicated by which type of intention?

A. Primary intention.
B. Secondary intention. ✓
C. Tertiary intention.
D. First intention.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a long history of smoking develops chronic bronchitis, a form of COPD. The primary pathological change in chronic bronchitis is:

A. Alveolar wall destruction.
B. Airway inflammation, mucus gland hyperplasia, and excessive mucus production. ✓
C. Reversible bronchospasm.
D. Decreased peripheral airway resistance.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with chronic heart failure has a reduced ejection fraction. This indicates:

A. The heart pumps blood efficiently.
B. The heart's pumping ability is decreased. ✓
C. The heart valves are narrowed.
D. The patient is experiencing fluid volume deficit.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a severe infection develops leukocytosis. This refers to an increase in the number of:

A. Red blood cells.
B. Platelets.
C. White blood cells. ✓
D. Plasma proteins.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) experiences a sudden decline in renal function. The prerenal cause of AKI is characterized by:

A. Direct damage to kidney tubules.
B. Obstruction of urine outflow.
C. Decreased blood flow to the kidneys. ✓
D. Glomerular inflammation.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with acute pancreatitis develops severe abdominal pain. The pain is primarily caused by:

A. Gallstone obstruction only.
B. Autodigestion of pancreatic tissue by its own enzymes. ✓
C. Increased insulin secretion.
D. Liver inflammation.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with prolonged, severe stress develops adrenal exhaustion. This phase of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) is characterized by:

A. Initial sympathetic nervous system activation.
B. Mobilization of resources and adaptation.
C. Depletion of adaptation energy and potential for organ damage. ✓
D. Increased resistance to disease.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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