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Practice Questions

118. A new medicinal drug is found to have a very narrow therapeutic window (small difference between effective and toxic doses). What critical implication does this have for pharmacovigilance?

A. No special monitoring is needed.
B. Very close and ongoing monitoring of patients for adverse effects and therapeutic levels is required.
C. The drug is too dangerous to be approved.
D. The drug is extremely safe.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

116. A patient reports a sudden onset of symptoms suggestive of acute viral hepatitis after eating at a specific restaurant. What is the urgent clinical responsibility from an epidemiological perspective?

A. Treat the patient with antiviral medication.
B. Immediately notify public health authorities for investigation and contact tracing.
C. Advise the patient to avoid that restaurant in the future.
D. Wait for more patients to report similar symptoms.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

112. What technical measure quantifies the number of existing cases of a disease in a population at a given point in time?

A. Incidence.
B. Point Prevalence.
C. Cumulative Incidence.
D. Mortality Rate.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

111. A food inspector identifies unsanitary conditions in a restaurant kitchen linked to multiple cases of salmonellosis. What is the urgent public health action?

A. Issue a warning to the restaurant management.
B. Immediately shut down the restaurant, seize contaminated food, and initiate a thorough decontamination process.
C. Wait for the restaurant to improve conditions voluntarily.
D. Only advise customers to avoid the restaurant.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

108. A patient experiences an unexpected severe adverse drug reaction to a commonly prescribed medication. What medicinal epidemiological system should be used to report this event?

A. The drug manufacturer's sales department.
B. A national pharmacovigilance system (e.g., FDA Adverse Event Reporting System, Yellow Card Scheme).
C. Social media.
D. Directly to the patient's insurance company.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

106. A sudden outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease is identified in a city, linked to a specific building’s cooling tower. What is the urgent public health action?

A. Advise people to avoid public buildings.
B. Immediately shut down and decontaminate the implicated cooling tower, and identify individuals who visited the building.
C. Wait for the outbreak to subside naturally.
D. Only treat the severe cases.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

105. A clinical trial for a new antidepressant uses a placebo group. What epidemiological principle is served by including a placebo group?

A. To increase the cost of the study.
B. To control for the placebo effect and natural history of the disease.
C. To make the study longer.
D. To identify only severe side effects.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

102. What technical term describes the proportion of individuals exposed to a risk factor who develop the disease, among those who were exposed?

A. Attributable Risk.
B. Absolute Risk.
C. Relative Risk.
D. Cumulative Incidence.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

101. An unusual cluster of rare cancers is reported in a specific industrial town. What is the urgent epidemiological response?

A. Dismiss it as random chance.
B. Conduct an environmental epidemiology investigation to identify potential occupational or environmental exposures.
C. Blame the local hospital for misdiagnosis.
D. Issue a general warning about cancer.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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