- The ethnic identity of a single province.
- Religious scripture.
- National unity and a medium of communication connecting diverse linguistic groups.
- The language of international diplomacy.
No category found.
- A single, uniform culture practiced across the entire country.
- A "melting pot" where all regional identities have been assimilated into one.
- A rich "mosaic" of distinct provincial and ethnic cultures (Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashtun, Baloch, etc.) co-existing.
- A source of constant conflict with no elements of unity.
- Its members are directly elected by the general population.
- It provides equal representation to all provinces, regardless of population, to protect the interests of smaller provinces.
- It is the primary body responsible for the country's budget.
- It has the power to dismiss the Prime Minister through a vote of no confidence.
- The National Assembly and the Supreme Court.
- The Senate and the Provincial Assemblies.
- The National Assembly (lower house) and the Senate (upper house).
- The President's Secretariat and the Prime Minister's Office.
- Create new laws for the country.
- Interpret the laws and the Constitution, and ensure justice is administered.
- Command the armed forces.
- Manage the country's foreign policy.
- The complete and uninterrupted subordination of the military to civilian governments.
- A lack of any military involvement in political or administrative affairs.
- Periods of direct military rule and significant influence of the military establishment in governance even during civilian rule.
- The judiciary consistently preventing any military intervention in politics.
- Ensuring coordinated responses to national health crises like pandemics and maintaining uniform standards of care.
- A complete lack of funding for provincial health departments.
- The federal government's refusal to cooperate with provincial health ministers.
- An over-reliance on international health organizations.
- Abolishing the provincial governments.
- Transferring significant powers, including health and education, from the federal government to the provinces.
- Giving the President the power to dissolve the assemblies.
- Centralizing the national finance commission.
- All power is concentrated in the central government in Islamabad.
- Power and responsibilities are divided between the central (federal) government and the provincial governments.
- The judiciary holds supreme power over both the executive and legislative branches.
- The military is a formal part of the federal cabinet.
- To act as the supreme judicial body of the country.
- To advise the Parliament on whether existing or proposed laws are repugnant to the injunctions of Islam.
- To directly implement and enforce Islamic laws across the country.
- To manage the curriculum of religious seminaries (madrasas).
- Was the first constitution to be passed with consensus from all major political parties.
- Established a unicameral legislature.
- Could be amended by a simple presidential decree.
- Removed all Islamic provisions from the state structure.
- Prime Minister.
- Judiciary.
- Parliament.
- President.
- Declared Pakistan an Islamic Republic.
- Established a presidential system of government.
- Was never fully implemented before being abrogated.
- Both A and C.
- Abolished the federal system of government.
- Declared Pakistan a secular state.
- Merged the principles of Islam and modern democracy, proclaiming sovereignty belongs to Allah to be exercised by the people.
- Finalized the exact borders of Pakistan.
- Importance of hospital infrastructure in major cities.
- Need for robust emergency preparedness and refugee health management during mass displacement crises.
- Superiority of traditional medicine in crisis situations.
- Role of international aid in preventing all casualties.
- A peaceful and organized transfer of power.
- Widespread communal violence and one of the largest mass migrations in human history.
- The economic boom in both Pakistan and India.
- The immediate resolution of the Kashmir dispute.
- Postponed Indian independence indefinitely.
- Outlined the mechanics of the partition and the procedure for provinces to join either Pakistan or India.
- Created a united, federal India with strong provincial autonomy.
- Abolished the princely states.
- The Indian National Congress agreed to the idea of partition.
- The Muslim League formally demanded the creation of independent, sovereign Muslim states.
- The British government announced its plan for the partition of India.
- Allama Iqbal presented his vision for a separate Muslim homeland.
- Led to the immediate independence of India.
- Convinced the Muslim leadership that co-existence with Hindus was impossible.
- Marked the end of the Mughal Empire and the start of direct British Crown rule, which reshaped politics in the subcontinent.
- Resulted in Sir Syed Ahmed Khan founding the Indian National Congress.
