- Anecdotal reports from patients.
- Robust evidence of efficacy and safety from Phase III clinical trials.
- Only pre-clinical animal studies.
- Opinions from key opinion leaders.
No category found.
- Screening.
- Surveillance.
- Case reporting.
- Research.
- Close the hospital immediately.
- Implement infection control measures, isolate suspected cases, and initiate contact tracing within the hospital.
- Wait for the cluster to spread to the general population.
- Treat all healthcare workers prophylactically.
- Sensitivity.
- Specificity.
- Positive Predictive Value.
- Negative Predictive Value.
- The result is highly precise.
- The result is statistically significant, but the effect estimate is imprecise and less reliable.
- The study was poorly designed.
- There is no association.
- Long-term safety and effectiveness in a large population.
- Preliminary efficacy, dosage range, and short-term side effects in a small number of patients with the target condition.
- Safety in healthy volunteers.
- Post-marketing surveillance.
- Epidemic.
- Pandemic.
- Endemic.
- Outbreak.
- Treating the individual patient is the only concern.
- Immediate notification of public health authorities to investigate the source and prevent further cases.
- Waiting for lab confirmation before any action.
- Discharging the patient with antibiotics.
- Ease of follow-up.
- Difficulty in obtaining reliable historical exposure data.
- High cost.
- Ethical concerns about randomization.
- Relative Risk (RR).
- Odds Ratio (OR).
- Number Needed to Treat (NNT).
- Attributable Risk (AR).
- Incidence.
- Prevalence.
- Mortality.
- Virulence.
- Advise people to avoid all social gatherings.
- Conduct immediate interviews to identify common food items consumed and onset times to pinpoint the source.
- Wait for all affected individuals to seek medical care.
- Focus on environmental sanitation of the church premises.
- Clinical trials.
- Pre-clinical research.
- Pharmacovigilance.
- Drug discovery.
- Confounding by age.
- Selection bias (e.g., recall bias among cases).
- Information bias (e.g., differential reporting).
- Observer bias.
- Phase I.
- Phase II.
- Phase III.
- Phase IV.
- 20 cases.
- 20/1,000 = 0.02 or 2%.
- 1,000/20 = 50.
- 20 existing cases.
- Treat the patient and send them home.
- Immediately isolate the patient and notify public health authorities for contact tracing.
- Wait for the disease to spread before notifying authorities.
- Assume it's a common cold.
- Case-control study.
- Cross-sectional study.
- Prospective cohort study.
- Randomized controlled trial.
